Indias Population Growth Problem and Its Consequences Essay

The population of India is in trouble. They are facing widespread overpopulation and the second largest AIDS epidemic in the world. The objective is to point out the differences in Indian and US population compositions, total fertility rates, economic conditions, disease control policies, growth, and literacy rates. These comparisons will help to put Indias population problems in perspective. Together, these two countries house the second and third largest populations on the Earth. To put it in perspective, of the 6.1 billion people who exist on earth, seventeen percent are either Indians or Americans (Haub, 3). If India continues to experience high growth rates and spreading disease they will be in ruins. Composition†¦show more content†¦This is important to mention because there have been accusations of selective abortion of females based on a preference for males. The age structure in the US is well distributed between young and old with most of the population being between 15-64 years of age, the ?working age,? and the number that most countries use to determine unemployment levels. As can be seen there are a large number of working aged Americans, this benefits the US economy and provides the country with a large resource pool. Notice that in India the population does consist of a large working age class. The difference is more than a third of the country is under the age of fourteen. Fertility Differences In the United States there is a total fertility rate of around 2.1 and an infant mortality rate of 7.1 deaths per every 1000 children born up to age 1 year (Haub, 4). The children produced under this fertility rate grow up to populate the US to the tune of seventy-seven people per square mile of land, with a life expectancy average of 77 years. The large Indian youth population points to an obviously inflated TFR. India has to contend with a larger 3.1 total fertility rate, which is almost 168% that of the United States. This puts a burden on the government and community to raise and sustain those children and provide necessary nourishment. This task is apparently difficult when we look at the infant mortality rate of 70. India?s mortalityShow MoreRelatedWe Must Stop The Global System Essay1034 Words   |  5 Pagesthe universe. It is the only planet in our galaxy that supports life. Unfortunately, our planet is suffering due to population and resource availability. If these problems are not recognized, and the appropriate actions are not taken to slow down or put an end to them, then the consequences could be overwhelming. The global system will need to adjust to this massive population growth. Over the past few decades, the world has seen major advancements in health and largely as a result, people are generallyRead MoreHow Are The Population Policies Different Between India And China? Essay1546 Words   |  7 PagesHow are the population policies different between India and China? Guifang Tang Introduction China and India are the two countries which have the largest population in the world. These two countries have many similarities, especially they have fabulous growing speed during the globalization. In the global economic market, China has the biggest manufacture market and cheap labor (Justin Paul Erick Mas.2016). India gained independence from the United Kingdom from 1947 and started to focusRead MoreClean, Safe Drinking Water Is Scarce1014 Words   |  5 Pageseconomy and population, competing demands for this limited resource coming from households, industry, and agriculture have wide-ranging implications for the country’s future .Should no action be taken, there could be dire consequences. The World Health Organization estimates that 97 million Indians lack access to safe water today, second only to China. As a result, the World Bank estimates that 21% of communicable diseases in India are related to unsafe water. Without change, the problem may get worseRead More The Imperialism Of India By George Marshall1739 Words   |  7 PagesOrwell, unable to stand the elephant’s suffering and unable to watch and listen to it, goes away. The elephant, like the Burmese people, has become the unwitting victim of the British imperialist’s need to save face† (Carol) India a country whose population is only surpassed by that of China’s, was colonized in the 1750s by the British who were seeking to further expand their global empire and grow their wealth but cared little if at all for the people s lives that were impacted by their colonizationRead MoreFood Habits : Food Preferences Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesgrowing countries in terms of population and economy, sitting at a population of 1,139,96 million (2009) and growing at 1-4% annually (from 2001-2007). India’s economy is growing where its GDP growth in 9% from 2007 to 2008; since independence in 1947, its economic status has been classified as a low-income country with majority of the population at or below the poverty line. Though most of the population is still living below the national poverty line, its economic growth indicates new opportunitiesRead MoreIndian Partition And The Rise Of The Taliban Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pagesthe rise of the Taliban, the consequence s has primarily been negative, especially for women who unequivocally suffered most during these times of political and cultural chaos. By analyzing the causes and consequences of Partition and rise of the Taliban in Afghanistan, South Asia’s destructive path is revealed. The causes of Partition in India and Pakistan can be attributed to emerging nationalism, Jinnah and the restoration of the Muslim League, and World War II. India’s emerging nationalism precipitatedRead MoreImminent Water Crisis in India3840 Words   |  16 Pageswater, and the situation is only getting worse. India’s demand for water is growing at an alarming rate. India currently has the world’s second largest population, which is expected to overtake China’s by 2050 when it reaches a staggering 1.6 billion,[3] putting increase strain on water resources as the number of people grows. A rapidly growing economy and a large agricultural sector stretch India’s supply of water even thinner. Meanwhile, India’s supply of water is rapidly dwindling due primarilyRead MoreWater Shortage in India: Problems and Solutions976 Words   |  4 Pagesdomestic, agricultural and industrial. Water has always been a prestigious resource. However, the majority o f people do not appraise water’s worth since they do not face water scarcity; whereas, in third world countries it is one of the most serious problems. Nearly 2.4 billion people have a lack of water resources in the world, shows the investigation done by the Pacific Institute, an Oakland, California-based non-profit scientific research group. Moreover, every year this number is growing graduallyRead MoreWhat policies and with what success did Nehru implemented?1528 Words   |  7 PagesIn what ways and with what success did Nehru deal with the economic and social problems facing India? Jawaharlal Nehru, leader of the Indian National Congress and later India’s first prime minister, led the Congress Party to victory in India’s first three general elections. Nehru was born in 1889, educated in England and then returned back to India. In the 1920 ´s he travelled around India and was alarmed by the Indian people suffering from poverty and oppression. Inspired by his travelling aroundRead MoreEssay The Implications of Rapid Urbanization1685 Words   |  7 Pagesareas can be traced from the industrialization era when the populace migrated from the rural/ancestral home to towns in search of employment. According to a report compiled by the University of Michigan, the percentage of the human global population living in cities in 1950 was less than 30% and by the year 2000, the figure stood at 47%. The study predicted that by 2025, the figure would be at 60% (World watch, 2011). Rapid migration is as a result of factors which induce the migrations from

Improving Students With Severe Disabilities - 1271 Words

(1) Encouraging student collaboration, in a setting that includes students with severe disabilities can be challenging in number of areas. First, students may have limited verbal and written communication skills. Second, general educators or parents may perceive students with disabilities as inappropriate learning partners for typical students. Finally, students may resist group work based on a variety of prior experiences. In the area of mathematics, students may not be able to complete labs independently or have trouble with verbal communication may fall behind during group work. Therefore, when creating heterogeneous student groups it is important to assign students roles in which they can be successful. Additionally, facing societal perceptions of an inclusive classroom is a larger issue. Teaching students in inclusive classrooms from kindergarten generally improve acceptance among all students. Finally, when students are resistant to group work, it is important to communicate with them to determine the source of their anxiety. Assignment modification may help to reduce anxiety in these cases. (2) Exploring individual accountability is a key component when assessing group work. Measuring individual contribution allows teachers to assess each student on his role. Using a rubric, establishing jobs for group member and having student complete self-assessment surveys are important ways to understand the role of individual group members. When assessing groupShow MoreRelatedNeeds of Diverse Students1384 Words   |  6 PagesEducating Special Needs Students Identifying and providing for special needs children is essential to special education. Once a child has been diagnosis with a disability or multiple disabilities, a plan of care is initiated according to the severity of their condition and their needs. This plan is individualized; one child’s diagnosis is not a reflection of the wide range conditions that affect many children. Intellectual disabilities can be mild to profound, can be caused by different factorsRead MoreHow The Federal And State Governments Improve The Education For Those With Special Needs Essay1265 Words   |  6 Pagesthose children will be diagnosed with some sort of disability before the age of five. Now that may not seem like a large amount of children, but it is large enough to have the education for those with a disability altered to help them learn in the most effective way. The education is even altered specifically for each student since no disability is the same. Unfortunately a personalized e ducation, or even an education at all for children with disabilities was not always available. But we can see todayRead MoreEvaluation Of A Student With Multiple Disabilities1022 Words   |  5 PagesThe education systems says to help a student with multiple disabilities is by starting earlier. The complexity of multiple disabilities is that the individual needs different types of disability resources for their different needs. Therefore, the only way to understand how to help an individual student is by performing different assessments that indicate their educational needs. There are three different types of assessment for children with multiple disabilities such as, standardized assessments,Read MoreStudents With Disabilities Of Physical Education1705 Words   |  7 Pages Students with Disabilities in Physical Education Megan R. Johnson Lincoln Memorial University â€Æ' Students with Disabilities in Physical Education More and more students with disabilities are being taught in the public school system today than in the past ten or so years. This gives the students the opportunity to learn and prosper in their least restrictive environment along with their peers. Many educators, as well as those in physical education, are learning how to implement and incorporateRead MoreDiscussion Of Domain X : Teaching Performance Expectation996 Words   |  4 Pagesprocedures and behavior management. Second, demonstrate dedication in improving the quality of life of students with Moderate/Severe disabilities. Since students with disabilities have diverse personalities, teacher candidate need to find ways of enriching and training them to become independent. Third, show capacity in implementing professional, legal and ethical standards for teaching students with Moderate/Severe disabilities and English Language Learners. In this component, teacher candidate shouldRead MoreHigh Noon at Alpha Mill Essay1682 Wo rds   |  7 PagesSelf-Actualisation, Allyn and Bacon, Boston, Mass. Thompson, L (2001). The Mind and Heart of the Negotiator (2nd Ed.), Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Other resources Additional readings have been provided on UTS Online. It is important that students read these articles in order to broaden their knowledge beyond the text book. UTS Guide to Writing Assignments http://www.business.uts.edu.au/teaching/guide/ UTS Online https://online.uts.edu.au/webapps/login/ UTS Library databases http://wwwRead MoreHarvest House Through The Cce Program866 Words   |  4 Pagesand women with severe and chronic mental illness are able to gain community support and participate in services that focus on facilitating appropriate socialization, adaptive coping skills, improving self-confidence, and learning how to live with their mental disability. The particular activity that I participated in was receiving donated clothes from designated areas and bringing the clothes to the men and women at the Harvest House. The individuals who participate are living in severe poverty; someRead MoreEssay about Special Needs Education999 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the most controversial issues facing educators today is the topic of educating students with disabilities, specifically through the concept of inclusion. Inclusion is defined as having every student be a part of the classroom all working together no matter if the child has a learning disability or not (Farmer) (Inclusion: Where We’ve Been.., 2005, para. 5). The mentally retarded population has both a low IQ and the inability to perform everyday functions. Activities such as eating, dressingRead MoreSOcial and Economic Development: Inclusion and Inclusive Education1133 Words   |  5 Pages People with disabilities are still at a severe disadvantage in terms of accessing education in many parts of the world, especially in Pakistan. World Health Organization (WHO, 1981) indicates that 10 percent of the population has some sort of disability, such as visual impairment, hearing impairment, mental retardation, physical disability, learning disability or multiple disabilities. Of these, only two percent have access to institutional facilities. If children with disabilities are to take theirRead MoreNational Center For Learning Disabilities1217 Words   |  5 Pageshoping if and when this happen is to benefit the students. Students are the ones that will be dealing and adapting themselves to a new curriculum. Special education students need to time, dedication, and help when it comes to adjusting themselves. Hopefully not implementing common core will help students achieve higher and teachers will be able to focus on the students more. â€Å"A student identified under the IDEA category of Specific Learning Disabilities would still be held accountable under NCLB, but

Bureaucracy and Public Policy Free Essays

In most situations of dealing with government, people often find themselves experiencing communication with street-level bureaucrats who, despite of their comparatively low position, in many ways define the person’s further well-being. Street-level bureaucrats have a direct influence on the number of people participating in public programs, and it’s them who determines what number of people is going to receive certain benefits, or participate in some programs. This, their final decisions become vital for certain groups of society. We will write a custom essay sample on Bureaucracy and Public Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The communication which occurs between bureaucrats and people in such situations creates the public policies which all the citizens experience when dealing with government. A very important issue concerning bureaucracy still remains understanding the mechanism of decision-making by street-level-bureaucrats, for it appears a much more difficult problem than it seems. As Brehm and Gates state, despite a large number of literatures sources on the point of decision-making by bureaucrats, it still remains uncertain what real reasons influence their behavior [1]. Due to the complexity of decision-making by street-level bureaucrats, different approaches have been suggested towards this matter. Various authors suggest their own solutions of the problem. The first approach is connected with economics, while the other one deals with public administration and organization theory. According to the behavioral theory of choice, bureaucratic decisions are the function not only of rational decision-making, but as well of all the variables which might influence the decision-making in the process. This can occur in situations when cognitive abilities of decision-makers fail them in the situation of uncertainty, and they become unable to make rational decisions. One of the main economists who have carried out the research of decision-making by bureaucracy were Brehm and Gates in their work â€Å"Working, Shirking, and Sabotage: Bureaucratic Response to a Democratic Public†, and Michael Lipsky â€Å"Street Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of Individuals in Public Services†. John Brehm and Scott Gates in their work were dealing with the problem of the types of bureaucratic decisions. As far as authors have found out, the decisions which the bureaucrats make are divided into 3 categories: working, shirking, and sabotage, which are very different in their descriptions. The main criteria is the matching the supervisors’ goals by the street-level bureaucrats in their decisions. In the category of â€Å"working†, the bureaucrats completely answer the goals which their supervisors put in front of them, and this is the most efficient decision-making for them. In the case of â€Å"shrinking†, the bureaucrats direct some of their efforts towards recreation or any other activities which have nothing to do with the goals set for them by the supervisors. The category of â€Å"sabotaging† is the least efficient because in this case the bureaucrats choose the goals which completely differ from the goals which their supervisors set for them, and that is why they can often fail to achieve the outcome which the supervisors would like them to achieve [1]. According to the analysis of the mentioned categories, Brehm and Gates come to the conclusion that in many cases it’s impossible for supervisors to coordinate the actions of street-level bureaucrats, and thus the public policy which they carry out on a high level might appear very different from the policy which is actually provided on the lower levels in which the actual interactions of people with government occur. It means that the efficiency of the government policy becomes much lower in the case of street-level bureaucrats’ shirking and sabotaging because they don’t achieve the goals set for them by higher officials. The connection between the bureaucrats of higher and lower levels does exist, but it’s much weaker in reality than it appears in theory, so many decisions might simply not reach the lower level. As far as the empirical evidence shows, the main argument in decision-making by street-level officials lies not in the instructions which they get from the top but from their own preferences, or the preferences which other bureaucrats have. However, here lies the crucial point of the analysis: lower-level bureaucrats have their own interests which they want to follow, but those interests turn out very close to the interests of high-level officials, and thus the actual public policy which is provided in the country becomes very close to the policy which was elaborated in the high level of government. This means that according to Brehm and Gates, by understanding the policy-preferences of the bureaucrats, we are able to predict the decisions they will make in different situations. Michael Lipsky in his â€Å"Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of Individuals in Public Services† also investigates the problems of bureaucrats behavior in relation to their customers, and decision-making by bureaucrats of low level in relation to the instructions they get from higher officials. According to the author, the mentioned issues are very important because â€Å"†¦in delivering policy street-level bureaucrats make decisions about people that affect their life chances. † [2] Michael Lipsky defines one of the main reasons of the importance of bureaucrats’ behavior in the fact that â€Å"†¦they play a critical role in regulating the degree of contemporary conflict by virtue of their role as agents of social control. Citizens who receive public benefits interact with public agents who require certain behaviors of them† [2]. When investigating the main aspects of bureaucrats’ decision-making, Michael Lipsky believes in rational decisions of bureaucrats: â€Å"There is every reason to think that the general evaluations of social worth that inform the society will also inform the decisions of street-level bureaucrats in the absence of strong incentives to the contrary† [2]. Unlike Brehm and Gates, Michael Lipsky focuses not on the relationship of higher and lower level bureaucrats but on the importance of discretion in this matter. If Brehm and Gates tend to analyze the main categories of bureaucrats’ decision-making through the prism of their working, shrinking, and sabotaging categories, Michael Lipsky devotes his attention to the analysis of the necessity of discretion in making decisions. He finds the main reasons of that in the fact that street-level bureaucrats cannot learn by heart all the instructions which they were given and carry them everywhere, or decide every matter in the same way not regarding the difference of cases, or not to take into consideration a personal impression of a person. The discretion is very necessary in order to carry out the right decision because only the particular official investigating the particular case can make the right decision based on his knowledge of instructions and his general impression. In case of following his personal impression of interaction with a client, the bureaucrat doesn’t simply sabotage or shrink, but makes the only right decision in the particular case. Michael Lipsky argues that there are some practices which commonly contribute to routine control of clients. One of them is that clients are separated from the officers by certain desks in order to minimize the personal conflict. There are no comfortable sofas in such places, either. Another practice is isolating one client from another one for them not to know what is going on with others in the same position. It’s also important to mention that street-bureaucrats carry out special sanctions for those who disobey the order of the procedure. The investigations have shown that it’s impossible to conclude the general criteria for decision-making by street-level bureaucrats. Brehm and Gates investigate the subject from the point of view of interactions between higher and lower level officials in the general outcome of the public policy, and argue that at the end, the preferences of the officials turn out the same. Michael Lipsky makes a point that discretion is very important in decision-making, and the influence of higher officials and instructions is minimized in this situation. Bibliography. 1. John Brehm and Scott Gates. â€Å"Working, Shirking, and Sabotage: Bureaucratic Response to a Democratic Public†. 2. Michael Lipsky. â€Å"Street-Level Bure How to cite Bureaucracy and Public Policy, Papers

A night in the hills free essay sample

Gerardo Luna, a jewelry store salesman in his 30’s, has always dreamed to go to the forest which he regards as a beautiful place. One day, when Ambo, an orchid gatherer who buys some jewelry for his wife’s store, tells Gerardo about living in the forest for weeks at a time, the latter gets more interested, and tells his wife about it. However, his wife is eyeing only the business aspect of such idea. Hence, he never mentions his dream again. Then Gerardo’s wife dies. At last, he can fulfill his long-time dream, especially that Ambo has come again, with stories regarding newly opened public land on a forest plateau. So, the two of them plan to go to the forest. Before actually going to the planned trip, Gerardo’s Ate Tere is not so keen on the idea. She wants him to marry Peregrina who will surely take him the minute he proposes. We will write a custom essay sample on A night in the hills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ambo and Gerardo go to the hills, and it is among the foothills where they spend noontime. Gerardo is tired and sweaty, and he asks for water, which, according to Ambo is ten minutes away. They walk and walk, and along the way Gerardo experiences nature in a manner that is not that wonderful for him. Finally they enter the dim forest. Gerardo is uncomfortable on his bed of small branches and twigs. He cannot sleep that night; he thinks of his wife, not fondly, though. He also thinks of God. He is oppressed by nostalgia. There is an eerie light in the forest, and Gerardo hears strange sounds that are caused by tree worms. Then he hears water from afar. All in all, he feels that he will never understand the forest. Gerardo goes home, first getting his house’s key from his Ate Tere. There he meets Peregrina whom he tells â€Å"Pereg, as soon as I get these clothes off I shall come to ask you a question that is very—very important to me. † As she smiled eagerly but uncertainly into his face, he heard a jangling in his hand. He felt, queerly, that something was closing above his hand, and that whoever was closing it, was rattling the keys. III. SHORT STORY ELEMENTS A. CHARACTERS 1. Gerardo Luna a jewelry store salesman in his 30’s, Protagonist, Developing 2. His wife – Antagonist, Flat 3. Ambo an orchid gatherer who buys some jewelry for his wife’s store. Who act as the fulfiller of the protagonist dreams, he lead Gerardo to his dream-the forest 4. Ate Tere or Sotera – Gerardo was a younger brother to the former mistress of her also younger brother. Contradicting his brothers dream 5. Peregrina – the one that Sotera want to marry by his brother. B. PLOT Linear a) Introduction Gerardo Luna is being introduced, with the mention of his secret long-time dream of going to the forest. b) Rising Action He tells her wife about such dream, but she brushes it off; thus, he forgets about that dream. Then she dies. c) Climax The peak of this short story is when Gerardo is finally in the forest, and he experiences things that he has never though the forest has. d) Falling action Things start to â€Å"fall† when Gerardo realizes that the forest is not exactly what he has always dreamed. e) Denouement When he goes back home, Gerardo feels he should get back to reality. C. SETTING a) place – in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines b) time- a long time ago c) weather conditions- fine d) social conditions- Gerardo has a nice job e) mood or atmosphere- light D. POINT OF VIEW The Point of View used in this short story is the Omniscient Limited The author tells the story in third person (using pronouns they, she, he, it, etc). We know only what the character knows and what the author allows him/her to tell us. We can see the thoughts and feelings of characters if the author chooses to reveal them to us. E. LITERARY DEVICES A night in the Hills is in a form of allegory in which the forest is defined by Gerardo as heaven , where he can find things he missed and so he wish to have. Allegory is a literary device in which characters or events in a literary, visual, or musical art form represent or symbolize ideas and concepts. Allegory has been used widely throughout the histories of all forms of art; a major reason for this is its immense power to illustrate complex ideas and concepts in ways that are easily digestible and tangible to its viewers, readers, or listeners. An allegory conveys its hidden message through symbolic figures, actions, imagery, and/or events. Allegory is generally treated as a figure ofrhetoric; a rhetorical allegory is a demonstrative form of representation conveying meaning other than the words that are spoken. For me, the literary devices used in this story are Symbolism and Irony. Gerardo’s dream of going to the forest symbolizes the freedom he has always longed for. Meanwhile, this dream is ironic because the forest is not what he thinks it is. F. THEME In my opinion, the theme things are not always as they appear to be is applicable to this story. Living your dreams by embracing changes and realization G. CONFLICT The conflict here is Internal, that of Man vs. Himself. Gerardo has always dreamed of going to the forest, and he has kept this within himself. ARV